Ad rank

Advertising mechanicsDefined term⦿ live instrument below

Ad rank is the score an ad auction assigns each participant to order the available slots. In the canonical search model it is the bid multiplied by a quality estimate, so a lower bid with higher predicted quality can legitimately outrank a higher bid.

Ad rank does double duty: it sets position, and it sets the payment of the advertiser one slot above, whose per-click cost is that next ad rank divided by their own quality plus one increment. Both effects are visible live in the auction simulator.

Advertiser A
Advertiser B
Advertiser C
Advertiser D
PosAdvertiserAd rank = bid × qualityPays
1B$2.50 × 820.0$2.414%
2C$3.20 × 619.2$2.6816%
3A$4.00 × 416.0$2.2644%
4D$1.80 × 59.0$0.5172%

Advertiser B holds position 1 without the highest bid — quality is doing the work.

Live instrument — see Ad rank behave.

Deep dive: full analysis with this mechanism →